Current advances in pathogen-plant interaction between Verticillium dahliae and cotton provide new insight in the disease management

Table 2 Newly identified V. dahliae genes playing a role in the fungi virulence and pathogenicity

Genes	Functional annotations	Mutations/silencing	Virulence mechanisms	Strains	References
VdPEL1	Pectate Lyase	Compromised virulence of V. dahliae	Cell wall degradation	Vd991	Yang et al. (2018)
VdSSEP1	Secretory Ser Protease	Compromised full virulence of V. dahliae	Degrade cotton chitinase	Vd991	Han et al. (2019)
VdH1	Class II Hydrophobin	Reduced the virulence	Involved in the production of melanized microsclerotia	V592	Zhang et al. (2016a)
VdRGS1	Heterotrimeric guanine nucleotide-binding protein	Production of abnormally shaped hyphae, reduced quantities of spores and light color microsclerotia,	Spore production, hyphal development, microsclerotia formation, and pathogenicity	VD8	Xu et al. (2018)
VdILV2	Catalytic subunit of acetolactate-synthase	Reduced accumulation of microsclerotia in cotton plants, reduced pathogenicity of the fungus	Microsclerotia production	Vd991	Wei et al. (2020)
VdILV6	Regulatory subunit of acetolactate-synthase		Microsclerotia production	Vd991	Wei et al. (2020)
Clp-1	Ca²⁺-dependent cysteine protease	Reduces the fungi virulence	Microsclerotia production	V592	Zhang et al. (2016a)
HiC-15	Isotrichodermin C-15 hydroxylase	Reduces the fungi virulence	Normal hyphal growth	V592	Zhang et al. (2016a)

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